Rich History of Coorg
It is believed that the northern part of Kodagu was under the Kadambas while the southern part was under the Gangas in its early history. The Cholas emerged as a significant power in the eleventh century, overthrowing the Gangas. However, the Changalva Arasus continued to govern southern Kodagu during the reign of Raja Chola in Tanjavur.
The northern regions of Kodagu were under the rule of the Kongalvas, who were vassals of the Cholas. This arrangement persisted until the invasion led by Alauddin Khilji in the fourteenth century. Subsequently, the Changalvas rose to prominence as rulers of Kodagu. Throughout most of this period, their influence did not extend beyond the borders of Kodagu.
Between the eleventh and sixteenth centuries, Kodagu witnessed frequent changes in rulership. Despite this turbulence, it maintained its independent status. The decline of the Vijayanagara Empire marked a significant shift, leading to a monk associated with the Keladi Nayaks of Ikkeri assuming control of Kodagu and establishing the Paleri (Haleri) Kingdom. The Paleri kings, adherents of the Veerashaiva faith, ruled the region for over two centuries (1580 – 1834). Notable rulers include Vira Raja, Muddu Raja I, and Dodda Virappa, who centralized administration and established Madikeri as the capital.
Following the annexation of the Mysore Kingdom, Hyder Ali sought control over Coorg. This led to conflicts, with the Coorg King Chikka Virappa eventually conceding certain territories to the Mysore Kingdom. Subsequent clashes ensued until boundaries were delineated through treaties.
Internal conflicts among ruling factions led to interventions from outside powers. Hyder Ali and later his son Tipu Sultan intervened in Coorg’s affairs, leading to periods of unrest and resistance from the local populace. Ultimately, Dodda Vira Rajendra emerged as a pivotal figure, forging alliances with the British to resist Tipu Sultan’s forces successfully.
Coorg’s resistance against Tipu Sultan continued until the British intervention, leading to the region’s annexation in 1834. Following British rule, Coorg was incorporated into the state of Mysore in 1956 as part of a larger state reorganization.
Conclusion
Throughout its history, Coorg remained under the sway of local chieftains, maintaining its distinct cultural identity separate from neighbouring regions.